The use of health technology assessments (HTAs) to determine whether a healthcare technology should be paid for and at what price is well established in most countries. The evidence requirements of HTA authorities go beyond those of regulatory authorities. Maximilian Lebmeier of Athena Market Access Solutions and Keith Tolley of Tolley Health Economics discuss how, whilst methods for HTAs vary across jurisdictions, assessments of comparative effectiveness of the new technology vs. the standard of care are common and utilise data from clinical trials that are being used for regulatory submissions.